Thermal analysis refers to the determination of various physical properties of a substance with temperature as an independent variable. Determination of thermal properties of functional polymers can obtain a lot of data on crystal structure, aggregate structure, phase transition and chemical reaction properties of polymers. According to the different physical quantities, can be divided into differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry.
Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA): Differential thermal analysis is to use differential thermocouple to determine the temperature difference between thermoneutral body and tested sample in the heating process. The two hot ends of the differential thermocouple are inserted into the thermoneutral body and the tested sample respectively. In the process of uniform heating, if the physical and chemical changes of the sample occur, there is a thermal effect, and there is a temperature difference between the sample and the thermoneutral body, and the differential thermocouple will produce a thermoelectric potential. The differential thermal curve (DTA curve) is obtained by plotting the temperature difference between the measured sample and the thermoneutral body with respect to time (or temperature).
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA): Thermogravimetric analysis is a method of measuring the mass of a substance in relation to temperature or time under programmed temperature control. Through thermogravimetric analysis, we can know the composition, thermal stability, thermal decomposition and other mass-related information of the sample and its possible intermediate products.It has the advantages of strong quantification, accurate measurement of material mass change and change rate.
The instrument for thermogravimetric analysis, called thermogravimeter, consists of three main parts: temperature control system, detection system and recording system.It plays an important role in metal alloy, geology, polymer material research, medicine research and so on.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC): Differential scanning calorimetry is to measure the relationship between the power difference input to the sample and the reference and the temperature under the program-controlled temperature. Differential scanning calorimeter to record the curve called DSC curve, it to sample heat absorption or heat release rate, that is, heat flow rate dH/dt (mJ/s) as the ordinate, temperature T or time T as the abscissa, can measure a variety of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, such as specific heat capacity, heat of reaction, heat of transformation, phase diagram, reaction rate, crystallization rate, polymer crystallinity, sample purity, etc. The method has wide temperature range, high resolution and less sample consumption. Suitable for analysis of inorganic matter, organic compound and medicine.
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